Wednesday, May 8, 2013

Eccentric Authors


Eccentric Authors and Timeless Works
            When first starting this assignment I thought I would write about how many of the authors we have read this semester were reviewed poorly by critics of their time. It seemed strange that these works that were lambasted by the critics are now celebrated as some of the greatest works of all time and are taught in schools two hundred years after they were written. As strange as it seems though, this is not uncommon throughout history. From the Greek philosophers to Emily Dickinson there has always been and will always be work that goes unappreciated or unnoticed in the authors lifetime only to become fundamental later on. I began to think about why these works have been treated this way. I wondered: Do these author's have anything in common? I came to the conclusion that the majority of the authors we have read this semester  were unique and eccentric people during their lives, and that these eccentricities are present in their writings. I cannot say that this is the reason their work has become to essential over time, but it certainly adds to appeal of the work. Learning about the lives of the authors and drawing connections to the work has been the most enjoyable experience for me this semester.

Clare's Madness
            One of the most prominent instances of an artist's eccentricity affecting their work is John Clare. Like Hogg, Clare was a poet "shaped by the language and customs of rural life" (Black 795). Clare's rural upbringing shaped his early work, he wrote extensively about nature. His later madness also had a large influence on his work. Reading  "Don Juan A Poem" it is clear that Clare was not mentally well when writing it. He is angry and bitter yet, as we discussed in class, there is a shift in the poem where his former self shines through. When writing about women and politics Clare seems like a tumultuous storm yet when she shifts to writing about a natural scene he seems calm and serene. This juxtaposition really highlighted the nature of his illness. His two "I Am" sonnets also functioned the same way. The first sonnet seems to be written by someone with a God complex while the second seems to be written by a man who has dejectedly accepted his fate.

Keats the Lover
            Keats could pass as a character created by Shakespeare. His work is so expressive and vulnerable, after reading it you feel you really know him. Keats seemed to me to be the author who bared the most and put the most of his own life into his work. "When I Have Fears that I May Cease to Be" especially stands out to me as confessional. His metaphors are accessible and he outright states his fears. There is no real way to misinterpret his meaning in the poem and that made the poem more effective. Keats' expressive style makes his work resonate more deeply inside the reader. We all have fears of death and being forgotten. What makes his work seem so much more poignant is that Keats died thinking he was a failure. Keats died with his fears justified only for them to proved unjustified over time. This adds another layer of sorrow to his work.

Coleridge's Drug Addiction
            Samuel Taylor Coleridge was addicted to laudanum, or tincture of opium, and openly admitted that it affected his work. In his paper "De Quincey, Coleridge, and the Formal Uses of Intoxication" Cooke states that for De Quincey and Coleridge "the primary need served by the opium is the need to overcome the double sense of the inadequacy of life for them and of their own inadequacy to life" (Cooke 26). Addiction is something that effects every facet of a person's life. According to Coleridge it was a drug induced dream that gave him the visions of Xanadu which he wrote of in "Kubla Khan." He also wrote about the pains of opium withdrawal in "Pains of Sleep." I found this to be a great example of how something almost entirely detrimental can lead to great and sometimes uplifting art. Almost like a cancer patient writing a heartwarming account of their final days.


I found looking at this recent image of Xanadu while reading "Kubla Khan" to be interesting. You can see the  area marked out which Coleridge refers to in the poem. Coleridge's descriptions are so lively and verbose you can really get an idea of what he saw in his dream.

Wollstonecraft's Feminism
            Mary Wollstonecraft was an outspoken feminist, not something entirely common for her time period. Her feminism entirely affected her work as we discussed in class. As BG12 stated in their post "Marriage and Slavery" in Maria "we're only presented with the kinds of marriage where women are horribly wronged and beaten down." Maria does make strong statements on marriage's unfair effect on women. Yet Wollstonecraft chose to get married anyways. Wollstonecraft knew marriage did not have to be unfair and detrimental to women, but that it often was. She used her work to raise awareness and further a cause that she believed in greatly while living a life that could be used as an example.

The Nightmare by Henry Fuseli was shown during the presentation on Wollstonecraft. I thought the discussion on where the creature is sitting was interesting. The creature is holding the woman down and he is seated on her womb. It could be ventured that the woman is held back by the fact she is a woman. Maybe a child is her nightmare because she knows it will take away the little independence she has.
Hogg's Lack of Education
            James Hogg was not only derided by critics, but also by his friends and contemporary authors.  His close friend and fellow author Sir Walter Scott wrote in a letter that: "Hogg's Tales are a great failure to be sure. With a very considerable portion of original genius he is sadly deficient not only in a correct taste but in common tact" (Black 197). Hogg was acclaimed when he was first published and hired to write for a magazine, but "as the magazine gained in popularity and influence, Hogg found himself marginalized and excluded by more cosmopolitan and politically savvy writers" (Black 197). Hogg's prose stood out to me though as some of the easiest material to read this semester. That's not to say that Hogg's work was any less meaningful than the other authors, but he seemed to write more straightforward. Hogg did not rely on overly flowery language and his work seems more straightforward to me. This could be the lack of "correct taste" and "common tact" that Scott speaks of. Hogg's lack of early education might have served him better in the long run. What may have seemed crass and unpolished at the time appears more accessible today.

The Abolitionists' Dilemma
            Writing about slavery the way Cowper and Southey did reflects an intense interest in abolition. Firstly, writing about abolition wasn't the most popular thing to do at the time so they were already making a bold statement just by writing. But they did so much more than that, Southey's "The Sailor who had Served in the Slave-Trade" is a moving and haunting example of the guilt associated with the slave trade, Cowper's "The Negro's Complaint" is a humanizing view of slaver from the enslaved's point of view, and "Sweet Meat has Sour Sauce: or, the Slave Trader in the Dumps" is a cutting satire that disgusts the reader with its title and words. The personal impact of Cowper's and Southey's views might have been the most important we read all semester because they pertained to a practice that affected most of the world.

            The common thread among these author's is not just that they had unique or eccentric aspects. These authors either intentionally or unintentionally incorporated their flaws, beliefs, ideologies, ideas, and themselves into their work, and that is not unique either. Every artist incorporates themselves in their work. The artists themselves are what is unique. What they have incorporated into their work has struck a chord with people through generations and will continue to do so. Humorous personal touches also add to the character of these pieces. Walpole claiming his work was an old work that he translated added to the mystique. Byron's snarky comments in the dedication of "Don Juan" gave the reader a great sense of his personality. Without personal touches these works would obviously be more bland and they would probably not make the statements that they do. All of this is of course obvious, but learning about the author's behind the work and how their personal experiences influences has been the most eye opening aspect to me this semester.
Works Cited
Black, Joseph, ed. The Broadview Anthology of British Literature. Peterborough, Ontario: Broadview Press, 2010. Print.
Cooke, Michael G. "De Quincey, Coleridge, and the Formal Uses of Intoxication." Yale French Studies 50 (1974) : 26-40. Web. JSTOR.

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